/*
 * consumer_cbrts.c -- output constant bitrate MPEG-2 transport stream
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2010-2015 Broadcasting Center Europe S.A. http://www.bce.lu
 * an RTL Group Company  http://www.rtlgroup.com
 * Author: Dan Dennedy <dan@dennedy.org>
 * Some ideas and portions come from OpenCaster, Copyright (C) Lorenzo Pallara <l.pallara@avalpa.com>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
 */
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <winsock2.h>
#else
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#endif

#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <framework/mlt.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <strings.h>
// includes for socket IO
#if (_POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 1 || _XOPEN_SOURCE || _POSIX_SOURCE) && (_POSIX_TIMERS > 0)
#if !(defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__) && defined(__GLIBC__))
#define CBRTS_BSD_SOCKETS 1
#include <net/if.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif
#endif
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <time.h>

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#define strncasecmp _strnicmp
#define strcasecmp _stricmp
#endif

#define TSP_BYTES (188)
#define MAX_PID (8192)
#define SCR_HZ (27000000ULL)
#define NULL_PID (0x1fff)
#define PAT_PID (0)
#define SDT_PID (0x11)
#define PCR_SMOOTHING (12)
#define PCR_PERIOD_MS (20)
#define RTP_BYTES (12)
#define UDP_MTU (RTP_BYTES + TSP_BYTES * 7)
#define REMUX_BUFFER_MIN (10)
#define REMUX_BUFFER_MAX (50)
#define UDP_BUFFER_MINIMUM (100)
#define UDP_BUFFER_DEFAULT (1000)
#define RTP_VERSION (2)
#define RTP_PAYLOAD (33)
#define RTP_HZ (90000)

#define PIDOF(packet) (ntohs(*((uint16_t *) (packet + 1))) & 0x1fff)
#define HASPCR(packet) ((packet[3] & 0x20) && (packet[4] != 0) && (packet[5] & 0x10))
#define CCOF(packet) (packet[3] & 0x0f)
#define ADAPTOF(packet) ((packet[3] >> 4) & 0x03)

typedef struct consumer_cbrts_s *consumer_cbrts;

struct consumer_cbrts_s
{
    struct mlt_consumer_s parent;
    mlt_consumer avformat;
    pthread_t thread;
    int joined;
    int running;
    mlt_position last_position;
    mlt_event event_registered;
    int fd;
    uint8_t *leftover_data[TSP_BYTES];
    int leftover_size;
    mlt_deque tsp_packets;
    uint64_t previous_pcr;
    uint64_t previous_packet_count;
    uint64_t packet_count;
    int is_stuffing_set;
    int thread_running;
    uint8_t pcr_count;
    uint16_t pmt_pid;
    int is_si_sdt;
    int is_si_pat;
    int is_si_pmt;
    int dropped;
    uint8_t continuity_count[MAX_PID];
    uint64_t output_counter;
#ifdef CBRTS_BSD_SOCKETS
    struct addrinfo *addr;
    struct timespec timer;
    uint32_t nsec_per_packet;
    uint32_t femto_per_packet;
    uint64_t femto_counter;
#endif
    int (*write_tsp)(consumer_cbrts, const void *buf, size_t count);
    uint8_t udp_packet[UDP_MTU];
    size_t udp_bytes;
    size_t udp_packet_size;
    mlt_deque udp_packets;
    pthread_t output_thread;
    pthread_mutex_t udp_deque_mutex;
    pthread_cond_t udp_deque_cond;
    uint64_t muxrate;
    int udp_buffer_max;
    uint16_t rtp_sequence;
    uint32_t rtp_ssrc;
    uint32_t rtp_counter;
};

typedef struct
{
    int size;
    int period;
    int packet_count;
    uint16_t pid;
    uint8_t data[4096];
} ts_section;

typedef struct
{
    uint8_t *data;
    size_t size;
} buffer_t;

static uint8_t null_packet[TSP_BYTES];

/** Forward references to static functions.
*/

static int consumer_start(mlt_consumer parent);
static int consumer_stop(mlt_consumer parent);
static int consumer_is_stopped(mlt_consumer parent);
static void consumer_close(mlt_consumer parent);
static void *consumer_thread(void *);
static void on_data_received(mlt_properties properties, mlt_consumer consumer, mlt_event_data);

mlt_consumer consumer_cbrts_init(mlt_profile profile,
                                 mlt_service_type type,
                                 const char *id,
                                 char *arg)
{
    consumer_cbrts self = calloc(sizeof(struct consumer_cbrts_s), 1);
    if (self && mlt_consumer_init(&self->parent, self, profile) == 0) {
        // Get the parent consumer object
        mlt_consumer parent = &self->parent;

        // Get the properties
        mlt_properties properties = MLT_CONSUMER_PROPERTIES(parent);

        // Create child consumers
        self->avformat = mlt_factory_consumer(profile, "avformat", NULL);
        parent->close = consumer_close;
        parent->start = consumer_start;
        parent->stop = consumer_stop;
        parent->is_stopped = consumer_is_stopped;
        self->joined = 1;
        self->tsp_packets = mlt_deque_init();
        self->udp_packets = mlt_deque_init();

        // Create the null packet
        memset(null_packet, 0xFF, TSP_BYTES);
        null_packet[0] = 0x47;
        null_packet[1] = 0x1f;
        null_packet[2] = 0xff;
        null_packet[3] = 0x10;

        // Create the deque mutex and condition
        pthread_mutex_init(&self->udp_deque_mutex, NULL);
        pthread_cond_init(&self->udp_deque_cond, NULL);

        // Set consumer property defaults
        mlt_properties_set_int(properties, "real_time", -1);

        return parent;
    }
    free(self);
    return NULL;
}

static ts_section *load_section(const char *filename)
{
    ts_section *section = NULL;
    int fd;

    if (!filename)
        return NULL;
    if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
        mlt_log_error(NULL, "cbrts consumer failed to load section file %s\n", filename);
        return NULL;
    }

    section = malloc(sizeof(*section));
    memset(section, 0xff, sizeof(*section));
    section->size = 0;

    if (read(fd, section->data, 3)) {
        // get the size
        uint16_t *p = (uint16_t *) &section->data[1];
        section->size = p[0];
        section->size = ntohs(section->size) & 0x0FFF;

        // read the data
        if (section->size <= sizeof(section->data) - 3) {
            ssize_t has_read = 0;
            while (has_read < section->size) {
                ssize_t n = read(fd, section->data + 3 + has_read, section->size);
                if (n > 0)
                    has_read += n;
                else
                    break;
            }
            section->size += 3;
        } else {
            mlt_log_error(NULL, "Section too big - skipped.\n");
        }
    }
    close(fd);

    return section;
}

static void load_sections(consumer_cbrts self, mlt_properties properties)
{
    int n = mlt_properties_count(properties);

    // Store the sections with automatic cleanup
    // and make it easy to iterate over the data sections.
    mlt_properties si_properties = mlt_properties_get_data(properties, "si.properties", NULL);
    if (!si_properties) {
        si_properties = mlt_properties_new();
        mlt_properties_set_data(properties,
                                "si.properties",
                                si_properties,
                                0,
                                (mlt_destructor) mlt_properties_close,
                                NULL);
    }

    while (n--) {
        // Look for si.<name>.file=filename
        const char *name = mlt_properties_get_name(properties, n);
        if (strncmp("si.", name, 3) == 0 && strncmp(".file", name + strlen(name) - 5, 5) == 0) {
            size_t len = strlen(name);
            char *si_name = strdup(name + 3);
// unbreak compilation on OpenBSD
#ifdef si_pid
#undef si_pid
#endif
            char si_pid[len + 1];

            si_name[len - 3 - 5] = 0;
            strcpy(si_pid, "si.");
            strcat(si_pid, si_name);
            strcat(si_pid, ".pid");

            // Look for si.<name>.pid=<number>
            if (mlt_properties_get(properties, si_pid)) {
                char *filename = mlt_properties_get_value(properties, n);

                ts_section *section = load_section(filename);
                if (section) {
                    // Determine the periodicity of the section, if supplied
                    char si_time[len + 1];

                    strcpy(si_time, "si.");
                    strcat(si_time, si_name);
                    strcat(si_time, ".time");

                    int time = mlt_properties_get_int(properties, si_time);
                    if (time == 0)
                        time = 200;

                    // Set flags if we are replacing PAT or SDT
                    if (strncasecmp("pat", si_name, 3) == 0)
                        self->is_si_pat = 1;
                    else if (strncasecmp("pmt", si_name, 3) == 0)
                        self->is_si_pmt = 1;
                    else if (strncasecmp("sdt", si_name, 3) == 0)
                        self->is_si_sdt = 1;

                    // Calculate the period and get the PID
                    section->period = (self->muxrate * time) / (TSP_BYTES * 8 * 1000);
                    // output one immediately
                    section->packet_count = section->period - 1;
                    mlt_log_verbose(NULL,
                                    "SI %s time=%d period=%d file=%s\n",
                                    si_name,
                                    time,
                                    section->period,
                                    filename);
                    section->pid = mlt_properties_get_int(properties, si_pid);

                    mlt_properties_set_data(si_properties,
                                            si_name,
                                            section,
                                            section->size,
                                            free,
                                            NULL);
                }
            }
            free(si_name);
        }
    }
}

static void write_section(consumer_cbrts self, ts_section *section)
{
    uint8_t *packet;
    const uint8_t *data_ptr = section->data;
    uint8_t *p;
    int size = section->size;
    int first, len;

    while (size > 0) {
        first = (section->data == data_ptr);
        p = packet = malloc(TSP_BYTES);
        *p++ = 0x47;
        *p = (section->pid >> 8);
        if (first)
            *p |= 0x40;
        p++;
        *p++ = section->pid;
        *p++ = 0x10; // continuity count will be written later
        if (first)
            *p++ = 0; /* 0 offset */
        len = TSP_BYTES - (p - packet);
        if (len > size)
            len = size;
        memcpy(p, data_ptr, len);
        p += len;
        /* add known padding data */
        len = TSP_BYTES - (p - packet);
        if (len > 0)
            memset(p, 0xff, len);

        mlt_deque_push_back(self->tsp_packets, packet);
        self->packet_count++;

        data_ptr += len;
        size -= len;
    }
}

static void write_sections(consumer_cbrts self)
{
    mlt_properties properties = mlt_properties_get_data(MLT_CONSUMER_PROPERTIES(&self->parent),
                                                        "si.properties",
                                                        NULL);

    if (properties) {
        int n = mlt_properties_count(properties);
        while (n--) {
            ts_section *section = mlt_properties_get_data_at(properties, n, NULL);
            if (++section->packet_count == section->period) {
                section->packet_count = 0;
                write_section(self, section);
            }
        }
    }
}

static uint64_t get_pcr(uint8_t *packet)
{
    uint64_t pcr = 0;
    pcr += (uint64_t) packet[6] << 25;
    pcr += packet[7] << 17;
    pcr += packet[8] << 9;
    pcr += packet[9] << 1;
    pcr += packet[10] >> 7;
    pcr *= 300; // convert 90KHz to 27MHz
    pcr += (packet[10] & 0x01) << 8;
    pcr += packet[11];
    return pcr;
}

static void set_pcr(uint8_t *packet, uint64_t pcr)
{
    uint64_t pcr_base = pcr / 300;
    uint64_t pcr_ext = pcr % 300;
    packet[6] = pcr_base >> 25;
    packet[7] = pcr_base >> 17;
    packet[8] = pcr_base >> 9;
    packet[9] = pcr_base >> 1;
    packet[10] = ((pcr_base & 1) << 7) | 0x7E | ((pcr_ext & 0x100) >> 8);
    packet[11] = pcr_ext;
}

static uint64_t update_pcr(consumer_cbrts self, uint64_t muxrate, unsigned packets)
{
    return self->previous_pcr + packets * TSP_BYTES * 8 * SCR_HZ / muxrate;
}

static uint32_t get_rtp_timestamp(consumer_cbrts self)
{
    return self->rtp_counter++ * self->udp_packet_size * 8 * RTP_HZ / self->muxrate;
}

static double measure_bitrate(consumer_cbrts self, uint64_t pcr, int drop)
{
    double muxrate = 0;

    if (self->is_stuffing_set || self->previous_pcr) {
        muxrate = (self->packet_count - self->previous_packet_count - drop) * TSP_BYTES * 8;
        if (pcr >= self->previous_pcr)
            muxrate /= (double) (pcr - self->previous_pcr) / SCR_HZ;
        else
            muxrate /= (((double) (1ULL << 33) - 1) * 300 - self->previous_pcr + pcr) / SCR_HZ;
        mlt_log_debug(NULL, "measured TS bitrate %.1f bits/sec PCR %" PRIu64 "\n", muxrate, pcr);
    }

    return muxrate;
}

static int writen(consumer_cbrts self, const void *buf, size_t count)
{
    int result = 0;
    int written = 0;
    while (written < count) {
        if ((result = write(self->fd, (const char *) buf + written, count - written)) < 0) {
            mlt_log_error(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent),
                          "Failed to write: %s\n",
                          strerror(errno));
            break;
        }
        written += result;
    }
    return result;
}

#ifdef CBRTS_BSD_SOCKETS
static int sendn(consumer_cbrts self, const void *buf, size_t count)
{
    int result = 0;

    int written = 0;
    while (written < count) {
        result = sendto(self->fd,
                        (const char *) buf + written,
                        count - written,
                        0,
                        self->addr->ai_addr,
                        self->addr->ai_addrlen);
        if (result < 0) {
            mlt_log_error(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent),
                          "Failed to send: %s\n",
                          strerror(errno));
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
            break;
        }
        written += result;
    }

    return result;
}
#endif

static int write_udp(consumer_cbrts self, const void *buf, size_t count)
{
    int result = 0;

#ifdef CBRTS_BSD_SOCKETS
    if (!self->timer.tv_sec)
        clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &self->timer);
    self->femto_counter += self->femto_per_packet;
    self->timer.tv_nsec += self->femto_counter / 1000000;
    self->femto_counter = self->femto_counter % 1000000;
    self->timer.tv_nsec += self->nsec_per_packet;
    self->timer.tv_sec += self->timer.tv_nsec / 1000000000;
    self->timer.tv_nsec = self->timer.tv_nsec % 1000000000;
    clock_nanosleep(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, TIMER_ABSTIME, &self->timer, NULL);
    result = sendn(self, buf, count);
#endif

    return result;
}

// socket IO code
static int create_socket(consumer_cbrts self)
{
    int result = -1;

#ifdef CBRTS_BSD_SOCKETS
    struct addrinfo hints = {0};
    mlt_properties properties = MLT_CONSUMER_PROPERTIES(&self->parent);
    const char *hostname = mlt_properties_get(properties, "udp.address");
    const char *port = "1234";

    if (mlt_properties_get(properties, "udp.port"))
        port = mlt_properties_get(properties, "udp.port");

    // Resolve the address string and port.
    hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
    hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
    hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
    result = getaddrinfo(hostname, port, &hints, &self->addr);
    if (result < 0) {
        mlt_log_error(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent),
                      "Error resolving UDP address and port: %s.\n",
                      gai_strerror(result));
        return result;
    }

    // Create the socket descriptor.
    struct addrinfo *addr = self->addr;
    for (; addr; addr = addr->ai_next) {
        result = socket(addr->ai_addr->sa_family, SOCK_DGRAM, addr->ai_protocol);
        if (result != -1) {
            // success
            self->fd = result;
            result = 0;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (result < 0) {
        mlt_log_error(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent),
                      "Error creating socket: %s.\n",
                      strerror(errno));
        freeaddrinfo(self->addr);
        self->addr = NULL;
        return result;
    }

    // Set the reuse address socket option if not disabled (explicitly set 0).
    int reuse = mlt_properties_get_int(properties, "udp.reuse")
                || !mlt_properties_get(properties, "udp.reuse");
    if (reuse) {
        result = setsockopt(self->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &reuse, sizeof(reuse));
        if (result < 0) {
            mlt_log_error(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent),
                          "Error setting the reuse address socket option.\n");
            close(self->fd);
            freeaddrinfo(self->addr);
            self->addr = NULL;
            return result;
        }
    }

    // Set the socket buffer size if supplied.
    if (mlt_properties_get(properties, "udp.sockbufsize")) {
        int sockbufsize = mlt_properties_get_int(properties, "udp.sockbufsize");
        result = setsockopt(self->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sockbufsize, sizeof(sockbufsize));
        if (result < 0) {
            mlt_log_error(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent),
                          "Error setting the socket buffer size.\n");
            close(self->fd);
            freeaddrinfo(self->addr);
            self->addr = NULL;
            return result;
        }
    }

    // Set the multicast TTL if supplied.
    if (mlt_properties_get(properties, "udp.ttl")) {
        int ttl = mlt_properties_get_int(properties, "udp.ttl");
        if (addr->ai_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
            result = setsockopt(self->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &ttl, sizeof(ttl));
        } else if (addr->ai_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
            result = setsockopt(self->fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS, &ttl, sizeof(ttl));
        }
        if (result < 0) {
            mlt_log_error(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent), "Error setting the multicast TTL.\n");
            close(self->fd);
            freeaddrinfo(self->addr);
            self->addr = NULL;
            return result;
        }
    }

    // Set the multicast interface if supplied.
    if (mlt_properties_get(properties, "udp.interface")) {
        const char *interface = mlt_properties_get(properties, "udp.interface");
        unsigned int iface = if_nametoindex(interface);

        if (iface) {
            if (addr->ai_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) {
                struct ip_mreqn req = {{0}};
                req.imr_ifindex = iface;
                result = setsockopt(self->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &req, sizeof(req));
            } else if (addr->ai_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
                result
                    = setsockopt(self->fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_IF, &iface, sizeof(iface));
            }
            if (result < 0) {
                mlt_log_error(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent),
                              "Error setting the multicast interface.\n");
                close(self->fd);
                freeaddrinfo(self->addr);
                self->addr = NULL;
                return result;
            }
        } else {
            mlt_log_warning(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent),
                            "The network interface \"%s\" was not found.\n",
                            interface);
        }
    }
#endif
    return result;
}

static void *output_thread(void *arg)
{
    consumer_cbrts self = arg;
    int result = 0;

    while (self->thread_running) {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&self->udp_deque_mutex);
        while (self->thread_running && mlt_deque_count(self->udp_packets) < 1)
            pthread_cond_wait(&self->udp_deque_cond, &self->udp_deque_mutex);
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&self->udp_deque_mutex);

        // Dequeue the UDP packets and write them.
        int i = mlt_deque_count(self->udp_packets);
        mlt_log_debug(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent), "%s: count %d\n", __FUNCTION__, i);
        while (self->thread_running && i-- && result >= 0) {
            pthread_mutex_lock(&self->udp_deque_mutex);
            uint8_t *packet = mlt_deque_pop_front(self->udp_packets);
            pthread_cond_broadcast(&self->udp_deque_cond);
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&self->udp_deque_mutex);

            size_t size = self->rtp_ssrc ? RTP_BYTES + self->udp_packet_size
                                         : self->udp_packet_size;
            result = write_udp(self, packet, size);
            free(packet);
        }
    }
    return NULL;
}

static int enqueue_udp(consumer_cbrts self, const void *buf, size_t count)
{
    // Append TSP to the UDP packet.
    memcpy(&self->udp_packet[self->udp_bytes], buf, count);
    self->udp_bytes = (self->udp_bytes + count) % self->udp_packet_size;

    // Send the UDP packet.
    if (!self->udp_bytes) {
        size_t offset = self->rtp_ssrc ? RTP_BYTES : 0;

        // Duplicate the packet.
        uint8_t *packet = malloc(self->udp_packet_size + offset);
        memcpy(packet + offset, self->udp_packet, self->udp_packet_size);

        // Add the RTP header.
        if (self->rtp_ssrc) {
            // Padding, extension, and CSRC count are all 0.
            packet[0] = RTP_VERSION << 6;
            // Marker bit is 0.
            packet[1] = RTP_PAYLOAD & 0x7f;
            packet[2] = (self->rtp_sequence >> 8) & 0xff;
            packet[3] = (self->rtp_sequence >> 0) & 0xff;
            // Timestamp in next 4 bytes.
            uint32_t timestamp = get_rtp_timestamp(self);
            packet[4] = (timestamp >> 24) & 0xff;
            packet[5] = (timestamp >> 16) & 0xff;
            packet[6] = (timestamp >> 8) & 0xff;
            packet[7] = (timestamp >> 0) & 0xff;
            // SSRC in next 4 bytes.
            packet[8] = (self->rtp_ssrc >> 24) & 0xff;
            packet[9] = (self->rtp_ssrc >> 16) & 0xff;
            packet[10] = (self->rtp_ssrc >> 8) & 0xff;
            packet[11] = (self->rtp_ssrc >> 0) & 0xff;
            self->rtp_sequence++;
        }

        // Wait for room in the fifo.
        pthread_mutex_lock(&self->udp_deque_mutex);
        while (self->thread_running && mlt_deque_count(self->udp_packets) >= self->udp_buffer_max)
            pthread_cond_wait(&self->udp_deque_cond, &self->udp_deque_mutex);

        // Add the packet to the fifo.
        mlt_deque_push_back(self->udp_packets, packet);
        pthread_cond_broadcast(&self->udp_deque_cond);
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&self->udp_deque_mutex);
    }

    return 0;
}

static int insert_pcr(consumer_cbrts self, uint16_t pid, uint8_t cc, uint64_t pcr)
{
    uint8_t packet[TSP_BYTES];
    uint8_t *p = packet;

    *p++ = 0x47;
    *p++ = pid >> 8;
    *p++ = pid;
    *p++ = 0x20 | cc; // Adaptation only
    // Continuity Count field does not increment (see 13818-1 section 2.4.3.3)
    *p++ = TSP_BYTES - 5; // Adaptation Field Length
    *p++ = 0x10;          // Adaptation flags: PCR present
    set_pcr(packet, pcr);
    p += 6;                                    // 6 pcr bytes
    memset(p, 0xff, TSP_BYTES - (p - packet)); // stuffing

    return self->write_tsp(self, packet, TSP_BYTES);
}

static int output_cbr(consumer_cbrts self, uint64_t input_rate, uint64_t output_rate, uint64_t *pcr)
{
    int n = mlt_deque_count(self->tsp_packets);
    unsigned output_packets = 0;
    unsigned packets_since_pcr = 0;
    int result = 0;
    int dropped = 0;
    int warned = 0;
    uint16_t pcr_pid = 0;
    uint8_t cc = 0xff;
    float ms_since_pcr;
    float ms_to_end;
    uint64_t input_counter = 0;
    uint64_t last_input_counter;

    mlt_log_debug(NULL,
                  "%s: n %i output_counter %" PRIu64 " input_rate %" PRIu64 "\n",
                  __FUNCTION__,
                  n,
                  self->output_counter,
                  input_rate);
    while (self->thread_running && n-- && result >= 0) {
        uint8_t *packet = mlt_deque_pop_front(self->tsp_packets);
        uint16_t pid = PIDOF(packet);

        // Check for overflow
        if (input_rate > output_rate && !HASPCR(packet) && pid != SDT_PID && pid != PAT_PID
            && pid != self->pmt_pid) {
            if (!warned) {
                mlt_log_warning(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent),
                                "muxrate too low %" PRIu64 " > %" PRIu64 "\n",
                                input_rate,
                                output_rate);
                warned = 1;
            }

            // Skip this packet
            free(packet);

            // Compute new input_rate based on dropped count
            input_rate = measure_bitrate(self, *pcr, ++dropped);

            continue;
        }

        if (HASPCR(packet)) {
            pcr_pid = pid;
            set_pcr(packet, update_pcr(self, output_rate, output_packets));
            packets_since_pcr = 0;
        }

        // Rewrite the continuity counter if not only adaptation field
        if (ADAPTOF(packet) != 2) {
            packet[3] = (packet[3] & 0xf0) | self->continuity_count[pid];
            self->continuity_count[pid] = (self->continuity_count[pid] + 1) & 0xf;
        }
        if (pcr_pid && pid == pcr_pid)
            cc = CCOF(packet);

        result = self->write_tsp(self, packet, TSP_BYTES);
        free(packet);
        if (result < 0)
            break;
        output_packets++;
        packets_since_pcr++;
        self->output_counter += TSP_BYTES * 8 * output_rate;
        input_counter += TSP_BYTES * 8 * input_rate;

        // See if we need to output a dummy packet with PCR
        ms_since_pcr = (float) (packets_since_pcr + 1) * 8 * TSP_BYTES * 1000 / output_rate;
        ms_to_end = (float) n * 8 * TSP_BYTES * 1000 / input_rate;
        if (pcr_pid && ms_since_pcr >= PCR_PERIOD_MS && ms_to_end > PCR_PERIOD_MS / 2.0) {
            uint64_t new_pcr = update_pcr(self, output_rate, output_packets);
            if (ms_since_pcr > 40)
                mlt_log_warning(NULL,
                                "exceeded PCR interval %.2f ms queued %.2f ms\n",
                                ms_since_pcr,
                                ms_to_end);
            if ((result = insert_pcr(self, pcr_pid, cc, new_pcr)) < 0)
                break;
            packets_since_pcr = 0;
            output_packets++;
            input_counter += TSP_BYTES * 8 * input_rate;
        }

        // Output null packets as needed
        while (self->thread_running
               && input_counter + (TSP_BYTES * 8 * input_rate) <= self->output_counter) {
            // See if we need to output a dummy packet with PCR
            ms_since_pcr = (float) (packets_since_pcr + 1) * 8 * TSP_BYTES * 1000 / output_rate;
            ms_to_end = (float) n * 8 * TSP_BYTES * 1000 / input_rate;

            if (pcr_pid && ms_since_pcr >= PCR_PERIOD_MS && ms_to_end > PCR_PERIOD_MS / 2.0) {
                uint64_t new_pcr = update_pcr(self, output_rate, output_packets);
                if (ms_since_pcr > 40)
                    mlt_log_warning(NULL,
                                    "exceeded PCR interval %.2f ms queued %.2f ms\n",
                                    ms_since_pcr,
                                    ms_to_end);
                if ((result = insert_pcr(self, pcr_pid, cc, new_pcr)) < 0)
                    break;
                packets_since_pcr = 0;
            } else {
                // Otherwise output a null packet
                if ((result = self->write_tsp(self, null_packet, TSP_BYTES)) < 0)
                    break;
                packets_since_pcr++;
            }
            output_packets++;

            // Increment input
            last_input_counter = input_counter;
            input_counter += TSP_BYTES * 8 * input_rate;

            // Handle wrapping
            if (last_input_counter > input_counter) {
                last_input_counter -= self->output_counter;
                self->output_counter = 0;
                input_counter = last_input_counter + TSP_BYTES * 8 * input_rate;
            }
        }
    }

    // Reset counters leaving a residual output count
    if (input_counter < self->output_counter)
        self->output_counter -= input_counter;
    else
        self->output_counter = 0;

    // Warn if the PCR interval is too large or small
    ms_since_pcr = (float) packets_since_pcr * 8 * TSP_BYTES * 1000 / output_rate;
    if (ms_since_pcr > 40)
        mlt_log_warning(NULL, "exceeded PCR interval %.2f ms\n", ms_since_pcr);
    else if (ms_since_pcr < PCR_PERIOD_MS / 2.0)
        mlt_log_debug(NULL, "PCR interval too short %.2f ms\n", ms_since_pcr);

    // Update the current PCR based on number of packets output
    *pcr = update_pcr(self, output_rate, output_packets);

    return result;
}

static void get_pmt_pid(consumer_cbrts self, uint8_t *packet)
{
    // Skip 5 bytes of TSP header + 8 bytes of section header + 2 bytes of service ID
    uint16_t *p = (uint16_t *) (packet + 5 + 8 + 2);
    self->pmt_pid = ntohs(p[0]) & 0x1fff;
    mlt_log_debug(NULL, "PMT PID 0x%04x\n", self->pmt_pid);
    return;
}

static int remux_packet(consumer_cbrts self, uint8_t *packet)
{
    mlt_service service = MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent);
    uint16_t pid = PIDOF(packet);
    int result = 0;

    write_sections(self);

    // Sanity checks
    if (packet[0] != 0x47) {
        mlt_log_panic(service, "NOT SYNC BYTE 0x%02x\n", packet[0]);
        exit(1);
    }
    if (pid == NULL_PID) {
        mlt_log_panic(service, "NULL PACKET\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    // Measure the bitrate between consecutive PCRs
    if (HASPCR(packet)) {
        if (self->pcr_count++ % PCR_SMOOTHING == 0) {
            uint64_t pcr = get_pcr(packet);
            double input_rate = measure_bitrate(self, pcr, 0);
            if (input_rate > 0) {
                self->is_stuffing_set = 1;
                if (input_rate > 1.0) {
                    result = output_cbr(self, input_rate, self->muxrate, &pcr);
                    set_pcr(packet, pcr);
                }
            }
            self->previous_pcr = pcr;
            self->previous_packet_count = self->packet_count;
        }
    }
    mlt_deque_push_back(self->tsp_packets, packet);
    self->packet_count++;
    return result;
}

static void start_output_thread(consumer_cbrts self)
{
    int rtprio = mlt_properties_get_int(MLT_CONSUMER_PROPERTIES(&self->parent), "udp.rtprio");
    self->thread_running = 1;
    if (rtprio > 0) {
        // Use realtime priority class
        struct sched_param priority;
        pthread_attr_t thread_attributes;
        pthread_attr_init(&thread_attributes);
        priority.sched_priority = rtprio;
        pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(&thread_attributes, SCHED_FIFO);
        pthread_attr_setschedparam(&thread_attributes, &priority);
#if !defined(__ANDROID__) || (defined(__ANDROID__) && __ANDROID_API__ >= 28)
        pthread_attr_setinheritsched(&thread_attributes, PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED);
#endif
        pthread_attr_setscope(&thread_attributes, PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM);
        if (pthread_create(&self->output_thread, &thread_attributes, output_thread, self) < 0) {
            mlt_log_info(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(&self->parent),
                         "failed to initialize output thread with realtime priority\n");
            pthread_create(&self->output_thread, &thread_attributes, output_thread, self);
        }
        pthread_attr_destroy(&thread_attributes);
    } else {
        // Use normal priority class
        pthread_create(&self->output_thread, NULL, output_thread, self);
    }
}

static void stop_output_thread(consumer_cbrts self)
{
    self->thread_running = 0;

    // Broadcast to the condition in case it's waiting.
    pthread_mutex_lock(&self->udp_deque_mutex);
    pthread_cond_broadcast(&self->udp_deque_cond);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&self->udp_deque_mutex);

    // Join the thread.
    pthread_join(self->output_thread, NULL);

    // Release the buffered packets.
    pthread_mutex_lock(&self->udp_deque_mutex);
    int n = mlt_deque_count(self->udp_packets);
    while (n--)
        free(mlt_deque_pop_back(self->udp_packets));
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&self->udp_deque_mutex);
}

static inline int filter_packet(consumer_cbrts self, uint8_t *packet)
{
    uint16_t pid = PIDOF(packet);

    // We are going to keep the existing PMT; replace all other signaling sections.
    int result = (pid == NULL_PID) || (pid == PAT_PID && self->is_si_pat)
                 || (pid == self->pmt_pid && self->is_si_pmt)
                 || (pid == SDT_PID && self->is_si_sdt);

    // Get the PMT PID from the PAT
    if (pid == PAT_PID && !self->pmt_pid) {
        get_pmt_pid(self, packet);
        if (self->is_si_pmt)
            result = 1;
    }

    return result;
}

static void filter_remux_or_write_packet(consumer_cbrts self, uint8_t *packet)
{
    int remux = !mlt_properties_get_int(MLT_CONSUMER_PROPERTIES(&self->parent), "noremux");

    // Filter out packets
    if (remux) {
        if (!filter_packet(self, packet))
            remux_packet(self, packet);
        else
            free(packet);
    } else {
        self->write_tsp(self, packet, TSP_BYTES);
        free(packet);
    }
}

static void on_data_received(mlt_properties properties,
                             mlt_consumer consumer,
                             mlt_event_data event_data)
{
    buffer_t *buffer = mlt_event_data_to_object(event_data);
    uint8_t *buf = buffer->data;
    size_t size = buffer->size;
    if (size > 0) {
        consumer_cbrts self = (consumer_cbrts) consumer->child;

        // Sanity check
        if (self->leftover_size == 0 && buf[0] != 0x47) {
            mlt_log_verbose(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(consumer), "NOT SYNC BYTE 0x%02x\n", buf[0]);
            while (size && buf[0] != 0x47) {
                buf++;
                size--;
            }
            if (size <= 0)
                exit(1);
        }

        // Enqueue the packets
        int num_packets = (self->leftover_size + size) / TSP_BYTES;
        int remaining = (self->leftover_size + size) % TSP_BYTES;
        uint8_t *packet = NULL;
        int i;

        //			mlt_log_verbose( MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(consumer), "%s: packets %d remaining %i\n", __FUNCTION__, num_packets, self->leftover_size );

        if (self->leftover_size) {
            packet = malloc(TSP_BYTES);
            memcpy(packet, self->leftover_data, self->leftover_size);
            memcpy(packet + self->leftover_size, buf, TSP_BYTES - self->leftover_size);
            buf += TSP_BYTES - self->leftover_size;
            --num_packets;
            filter_remux_or_write_packet(self, packet);
        }
        for (i = 0; i < num_packets; i++, buf += TSP_BYTES) {
            packet = malloc(TSP_BYTES);
            memcpy(packet, buf, TSP_BYTES);
            filter_remux_or_write_packet(self, packet);
        }

        self->leftover_size = remaining;
        memcpy(self->leftover_data, buf, self->leftover_size);

        if (!self->thread_running)
            start_output_thread(self);
        mlt_log_debug(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(consumer),
                      "%s: %p 0x%x (%u)\n",
                      __FUNCTION__,
                      buf,
                      *buf,
                      (unsigned int) size % TSP_BYTES);

        // Do direct output
        //		result = self->write_tsp( self, buf, size );
    }
}

static int consumer_start(mlt_consumer parent)
{
    consumer_cbrts self = parent->child;

    if (!self->running) {
        mlt_properties properties = MLT_CONSUMER_PROPERTIES(parent);
        mlt_properties avformat = MLT_CONSUMER_PROPERTIES(self->avformat);

        // Cleanup after a possible abort
        consumer_stop(parent);

        // Pass properties down
        mlt_properties_pass(avformat, properties, "");
        mlt_properties_set_data(avformat,
                                "app_lock",
                                mlt_properties_get_data(properties, "app_lock", NULL),
                                0,
                                NULL,
                                NULL);
        mlt_properties_set_data(avformat,
                                "app_unlock",
                                mlt_properties_get_data(properties, "app_unlock", NULL),
                                0,
                                NULL,
                                NULL);
        mlt_properties_set_int(avformat, "put_mode", 1);
        mlt_properties_set_int(avformat, "real_time", -1);
        mlt_properties_set_int(avformat, "buffer", 2);
        mlt_properties_set_int(avformat, "terminate_on_pause", 0);
        mlt_properties_set_int(avformat, "muxrate", 1);
        mlt_properties_set_int(avformat, "redirect", 1);
        mlt_properties_set(avformat, "f", "mpegts");
        self->dropped = 0;
        self->fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
        self->write_tsp = writen;
        self->muxrate = mlt_properties_get_int64(MLT_CONSUMER_PROPERTIES(&self->parent), "muxrate");

        if (mlt_properties_get(properties, "udp.address")) {
            if (create_socket(self) >= 0) {
                int is_rtp = 1;
                if (mlt_properties_get(properties, "udp.rtp"))
                    is_rtp = !!mlt_properties_get_int(properties, "udp.rtp");
                if (is_rtp) {
                    self->rtp_ssrc = mlt_properties_get_int(properties, "udp.rtp_ssrc");
                    while (!self->rtp_ssrc)
                        self->rtp_ssrc = (uint32_t) rand();
                    self->rtp_counter = (uint32_t) rand();
                }

                self->udp_packet_size = mlt_properties_get_int(properties, "udp.nb_tsp")
                                        * TSP_BYTES;
                if (self->udp_packet_size <= 0 || self->udp_packet_size > UDP_MTU)
                    self->udp_packet_size = 7 * TSP_BYTES;
#ifdef CBRTS_BSD_SOCKETS
                self->nsec_per_packet = 1000000000UL * self->udp_packet_size * 8 / self->muxrate;
                self->femto_per_packet = 1000000000000000ULL * self->udp_packet_size * 8
                                             / self->muxrate
                                         - self->nsec_per_packet * 1000000;
#endif
                self->udp_buffer_max = mlt_properties_get_int(properties, "udp.buffer");
                if (self->udp_buffer_max < UDP_BUFFER_MINIMUM)
                    self->udp_buffer_max = UDP_BUFFER_DEFAULT;

                self->write_tsp = enqueue_udp;
            }
        }

        // Load the DVB PSI/SI sections
        load_sections(self, properties);

        // Start the FFmpeg consumer and our thread
        mlt_consumer_start(self->avformat);
        pthread_create(&self->thread, NULL, consumer_thread, self);
        self->running = 1;
        self->joined = 0;
    }

    return 0;
}

static int consumer_stop(mlt_consumer parent)
{
    // Get the actual object
    consumer_cbrts self = parent->child;

    if (!self->joined) {
        mlt_properties properties = MLT_CONSUMER_PROPERTIES(parent);
        int app_locked = mlt_properties_get_int(properties, "app_locked");
        void (*lock)(void) = mlt_properties_get_data(properties, "app_lock", NULL);
        void (*unlock)(void) = mlt_properties_get_data(properties, "app_unlock", NULL);

        if (app_locked && unlock)
            unlock();

        // Kill the threads and clean up
        self->running = 0;
#ifndef _WIN32
        if (self->thread)
#endif
            pthread_join(self->thread, NULL);
        self->joined = 1;

        if (self->avformat)
            mlt_consumer_stop(self->avformat);
        stop_output_thread(self);
        if (self->fd > 1)
            close(self->fd);

        if (app_locked && lock)
            lock();
    }
    return 0;
}

static int consumer_is_stopped(mlt_consumer parent)
{
    consumer_cbrts self = parent->child;
    return !self->running;
}

static void *consumer_thread(void *arg)
{
    // Identify the arg
    consumer_cbrts self = arg;

    // Get the consumer and producer
    mlt_consumer consumer = &self->parent;

    // internal initialization
    mlt_frame frame = NULL;
    int last_position = -1;

    // Loop until told not to
    while (self->running) {
        // Get a frame from the attached producer
        frame = mlt_consumer_rt_frame(consumer);

        // Ensure that we have a frame
        if (self->running && frame) {
            if (mlt_properties_get_int(MLT_FRAME_PROPERTIES(frame), "rendered") != 1) {
                mlt_frame_close(frame);
                mlt_log_warning(MLT_CONSUMER_SERVICE(consumer),
                                "dropped frame %d\n",
                                ++self->dropped);
                continue;
            }

            // Get the speed of the frame
            double speed = mlt_properties_get_double(MLT_FRAME_PROPERTIES(frame), "_speed");

            // Optimisation to reduce latency
            if (speed == 1.0) {
                if (last_position != -1 && last_position + 1 != mlt_frame_get_position(frame))
                    mlt_consumer_purge(self->avformat);
                last_position = mlt_frame_get_position(frame);
            } else {
                //mlt_consumer_purge( this->play );
                last_position = -1;
            }

            mlt_consumer_put_frame(self->avformat, frame);

            // Setup event listener as a callback from consumer avformat
            if (!self->event_registered)
                self->event_registered = mlt_events_listen(MLT_CONSUMER_PROPERTIES(self->avformat),
                                                           consumer,
                                                           "avformat-write",
                                                           (mlt_listener) on_data_received);
        } else {
            if (frame)
                mlt_frame_close(frame);
            mlt_consumer_put_frame(self->avformat, NULL);
            self->running = 0;
        }
    }
    return NULL;
}

/** Callback to allow override of the close method.
*/

static void consumer_close(mlt_consumer parent)
{
    // Get the actual object
    consumer_cbrts self = parent->child;

    // Stop the consumer
    mlt_consumer_stop(parent);

    // Close the child consumers
    mlt_consumer_close(self->avformat);

    // Now clean up the rest
    mlt_deque_close(self->tsp_packets);
    mlt_deque_close(self->udp_packets);
    mlt_consumer_close(parent);

    // Finally clean up this
    free(self);
}
